Tá tógáil bealaí athchúrsála ceallraí litiam cumhachta tar éis dul isteach i dtréimhse ríthábhachtach, tá ardchostas agus geilleagar lag tar éis éirí mar phointe pian sa tionscal
Cé go bhfuil an tionscal feithicle fuinnimh nua ag fás agus ag forbairt, tá an cheist maidir le hathchúrsáil ceallraí cumhachta tar éis éirí mar fhócas an tionscail freisin. Tar éis roinnt blianta d'fhorbairt, tá tréimhse mais scrapála feithiclí nua fuinnimh ag druidim. Mura féidir líon mór cadhnraí ar scor a athchúrsáil agus a úsáid i gceart, ní hamháin go n-eascróidh sé dramhaíl acmhainní, ach freisin fadhbanna cosúil le truailliú comhshaoil.
"With the establishment of the production responsibility extension system with vehicle enterprises as the main body, the power battery recycling industry has entered a critical period of channel construction." Huang Jianzhong, former deputy inspector of the Department of Energy Conservation and Comprehensive Utilization of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and Secretary General of China Electronics Energy Saving Technology Association On April 17, at the 7th Automotive Power Battery Recycling and Regeneration and Secondary Battery Recycling and Regeneration Technology Seminar, it was stated that the design and production of power batteries in my country and the recycling, disposal and comprehensive utilization of waste power batteries are currently in urgent need of support and regulation. preliminary stage of development.
Pointí pian tionscal: costas ard, geilleagar lag
De ghnáth is é 5 bliana an tréimhse scoir le haghaidh feithiclí nua paisinéirí fuinnimh, agus le haghaidh gluaisteáin phaisinéirí agus feithiclí tráchtála tá sé 3 bliana. Roimh 2022, beidh cadhnraí fosfáit iarainn litiam i gceannas ar na cadhnraí ar scor. Tar éis 2022, beidh líon na gcadhnraí ternary ar scor mar an gcéanna le fosfáit iarainn litiam, agus sáróidh siad iad de réir a chéile. Táthar ag súil go mbeidh cumas díchoimisiúnaithe teoiriciúil na gcadhnraí cumhachta i 2018 ag 5.14GWh, agus is é foinse an díchoimisiúnaithe go príomha ná busanna fuinnimh nua.
D'fhoghlaim an tuairisceoir go bhfuil na cuideachtaí a imscaradh gnólachtaí gaolmhara roinnte go príomha i gcúig chatagóir: cuideachtaí athchúrsála traidisiúnta, cuideachtaí athchúrsála atá ag teacht chun cinn, monarchana pacáiste ceallraí, cuideachtaí ábhar ceallraí agus monaróirí feithiclí.
Tá buntáistí agus míbhuntáistí éagsúla ag cineálacha éagsúla gnólachtaí. Mar shampla, tá buntáistí réasúnta ag cuideachtaí athchúrsála traidisiúnta maidir le bealaí athchúrsála, teicneolaíocht athghiniúna ábhar, teicneolaíocht crushing ceallraí agus teicneolaíocht bruithnithe, ach mar gheall ar a n-easpa foinsí ceallraí cumhachta féin, ní mór dóibh fós comhoibriú le OEManna agus gléasraí scrap. Léirítear na buntáistí a bhaineann le cuideachtaí athchúrsála atá ag teacht chun cinn go príomha i dteicneolaíochtaí brúite agus díchóimeála ceallraí.
Faoi láthair, cuimsíonn modhanna cóireála cadhnraí cumhachta dramhaíola go príomha teicneolaíocht pirometallurgy agus teicneolaíocht hydrometallurgy. Dúirt Wang Haibei, stiúrthóir ar Institiúid Taighde agus Deartha Metallurgical Beijing Mining and Metallurgy Technology Group Co., Ltd, go bhfuil próiseas bruithnithe na teicneolaíochta atá ann cheana féin an-chasta agus deacair.
"The smooth operation of the recycling system needs to be based on profit. If there is no profit drive, the enthusiasm of enterprises cannot be fully improved." Wang Haibei said frankly, "The existing investment in recycling technology and the construction of recycling outlets are very large, although many enterprises have deployed Test the water, but few companies have dug a large pot of gold."
It cannot be ignored that toxic electrolytes and harmful gases will be generated during the battery recycling process, which will cause great harm to the environment and human health if not handled properly. "Some companies use high-temperature heating or combustion in the processing process, and the lack of strict control can easily endanger the health of workers." Ming Yuebin, general manager of Harbin Batterui Resource Recycling Technology Co., Ltd. pointed out.
Tagann cuideachtaí rialtais le chéile chun cinn a lorg
Mar fhreagra ar na fadhbanna thuas, d'eisigh ranna stáit ábhartha sraith de bheartais tionsclaíocha chun an tionscal athchúrsála ceallraí cumhachta a threorú agus a rialáil.
In February this year, seven ministries including the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology jointly issued the "Interim Measures for the Administration of Recycling and Utilization of Power Batteries for New Energy Vehicles", clarifying that automobile manufacturers assume the main responsibility for power battery recycling. In March, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and other seven ministries and commissions jointly issued the "Notice on Organizing the Pilot Work of Recycling and Utilizing New Energy Vehicle Power Batteries", proposing to select some regions such as Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, and central regions to carry out power battery recycling and utilization. The pilot, with the pilot as the center, radiates to the surrounding areas.
"The issuance of the above notice indicates that my country's recycling policy system is gradually being established." Yang Qingyu believes that "with the continuous breakthrough of related technologies, the speed of policy release will be accelerated, and relevant standards are expected to be released this year."
The participants believed that there are considerable differences in the battery type, battery capacity and voltage platform of new energy vehicles at present, which is the first hurdle for the cascade utilization of power batteries. Therefore, how to scientifically evaluate retired batteries has also become a decision on where to go. "The first pass.
"The evaluation process of retired batteries is mainly to upload the collected online and offline data to the monitoring platform at the same time, so as to analyze and process the battery pack and evaluate the performance." Fei, technical director of Beijing Jiangxin Battery Technology Co., Ltd. pointed out that from the evaluation As a result, the value of cascade utilization of ternary batteries is greater than that of direct dismantling.
De réir tuairiscí, tar éis don cheallraí scortha an mheastóireacht a rith, is féidir an nasc úsáide cascáideach a dhéanamh chun cuidiú leis an gcóras stórála fuinnimh an geilleagar iomlán a fheabhsú agus saolré timthriall cadhnraí litiam a uasmhéadú. Faoi láthair, tá go leor fiontair tar éis tionscadail taispeána maidir le húsáid easghluaiseachta a dhéanamh.
Zhang Bu, Vice President of Marketing of Shanghai Xida New Energy Technology Co., Ltd. told reporters: "It was originally predicted that the decay rate of battery cascade utilization was 3 percent -5 percent , but from the actual operation of the project, except for the cold months, most of the battery The discharge data showed no decay, even lower than the decay rate of a new battery."
For the treatment of toxic gases, Ming Yuebin believes that pipeline machinery can be used to crush the batteries and modules as a whole, recover the electrolyte as a whole, and use separation technology to separate materials, positive and negative powders, so as to obtain the final metal casing. "Because the diaphragm is completely recycled, it doesn't turn into a harmful gas," she added.
-domhain-chomhoibriú chun an slabhra tionsclaíoch a snasú
Tuigtear go bhfuil go leor páirtithe leasmhara i gceist leis an gcóras athchúrsála ceallraí cumhachta, mar shampla cuideachtaí gluaisteán, monaróirí ceallraí, cuideachtaí athchúrsála ceallraí, etc., Tá an slabhra fada, agus tá go leor deacrachtaí fós sa phróiseas oibríochta iarbhír.
In this regard, Xie Shaozhong, general manager of Jiangxi Ganfeng Recycling Technology Co., Ltd., gave a suggestion: "All links in the industrial chain need to be run in, but the overall principle should be 'professional people do professional things'. For example, auto companies should set up recycling channels, recycling After that, it will be handed over to comprehensive utilization enterprises for professional processing, and all links of the industrial chain will cooperate in depth."
Tuairiscítear go bhfuil roinnt cuideachtaí tar éis athchúrsáil ceallraí cumhachta a imscaradh san aigéan gorm seo:
At the end of 2017, BAIC BJEV released the "Optimus Prime Plan": by 2022, it is expected to invest 10 billion yuan to build 3,000 optical storage and replacement power stations across the country, with a total of 500,000 battery-swappable vehicles and echelon energy storage batteries. Utilize more than 5GWh.
I mí Eanáir 2018, shínigh an tSín Tower Corporation agus 16 cuideachta lena n-áirítear Sound Group comhaontú comhpháirtíochta straitéiseach chun cadhnraí nua cumhachta feithiclí fuinnimh a athchúrsáil. Bainfidh China Tower Company úsáid as an gceallraí cumhachta ar scor ón mbus leictreach íon, tar éis tástáil, sórtáil agus atheagrú, chun an ceallraí luaidhe-aigéid a athsholáthar don chúltaca fuinnimh stáisiún bonn cumarsáide.
"Both car companies and power battery companies are striving to implement the advanced concept of extended producer responsibility. I hope that all participants can explore the establishment of power battery recycling suitable for the characteristics of industries, enterprises and products from the perspective of undertaking corporate social responsibility. Huang Jianzhong pointed out, "If the finishing touch of the power battery is the cascade utilization and resource disposal, then the establishment of the recycling mode and mechanism will be its magic touch."
