Tá bealaí teicniúla éagsúlaithe san iomaíocht le haghaidh tosaigh, agus luasghéaraíonn forbairt thionscal ceallraí litiam cumhachta
In the context of rising raw material prices, my country's power lithium-ion battery industry has withstood the pressure and once again achieved a good result of doubling its performance. According to the data released by the Power Li-ion Battery Application Branch, from January to November this year, the installed capacity of power lithium-ion batteries in the Chinese market was about 128.3GWh, a year-on-year increase of 153.1 percent , and the annual installed capacity is expected to reach 150GWh.
Attack "big and strong"
Since 2015, my country's new energy vehicle production and sales have ranked first in the world for six consecutive years, and domestic brands have risen rapidly. According to the statistics released by the my country Association of Automobile Manufacturers, from January to November this year, the new energy vehicle market was still hot, and the production and sales volume reached a new high.
In addition, the penetration rate of the new energy vehicle market has also increased rapidly this year, from 5.4 percent last year to 12.7 percent today. An important factor is the substantial increase in the proportion of private consumption, which provides strong support for the increase in sales of new energy vehicles. This also shows that with the continuous maturity of power lithium-ion battery technology, consumers' acceptance of new energy vehicles has become higher and higher, and the new energy vehicle market has shifted from policy-driven to market-driven.
Dúirt Gao Yanmin, iar-stiúrthóir ar Roinn Tionscail Earraí Tomhaltóirí na hAireachta Tionscail agus Teicneolaíochta Faisnéise, go bhfuil forbairt bhríomhar an tionscail nua feithiclí fuinnimh tar éis dul chun cinn tapa thionscal ceallraí ian litiam cumhachta a thiomáint. Sa lá atá inniu ann, tá teicneolaíocht ábhar ceallraí ian litiam cumhachta á fhorbairt agus á nuáil i gcónaí, agus tá an teicneolaíocht próiseas á uasghrádú go leanúnach i gcónaí, agus tá costas déantúsaíochta ceallraí ag laghdú bliain i ndiaidh bliana. Is féidir a rá go bhfuil dul chun cinn an tionscail nua feithiclí fuinnimh doscartha ó chabhair cadhnraí ian litiam cumhachta.
Statistics from the Power Li-ion Battery Application Branch show that in the first 11 months of this year, the market share of the top 10 companies in my country's market by installed capacity reached 92 percent , of which 9 are independent brands; among the top 10 companies in the global market by installed capacity, Chinese companies occupy 6 seats.
In this regard, Liu Yanlong, Secretary-General of my country Chemical and Physical Power Industry Association, pointed out that in a fully open and competitive market, my country's top battery companies are in the world's first group in terms of product research and development, technological breakthroughs, cost control, and service capabilities. Achieving the goal of "big and strong".
In order to ensure the standardized development of the power lithium-ion battery industry, the relevant state departments have issued a number of policies and planning measures. In November this year, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology officially issued the "Lithium-ion Battery Industry Standard Conditions (2021 Version)" and "Lithium-ion Battery Industry Normative Notice Management Measures (2021 Version)", and publicly solicited opinions from the whole society, aiming to guide Lithium-ion battery companies reduce manufacturing projects that simply expand production, strengthen technological innovation, and improve product quality. In addition, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment and other five ministries and commissions jointly announced the "Administrative Measures for the Echelon Utilization of New Energy Vehicle Power Batteries" to further guide car companies, battery companies, recycling companies, and echelon utilization companies to jointly promote the use of waste power lithium-ion batteries. The cascade utilization and recycling work will truly realize the green development of the new energy vehicle and power lithium-ion battery industry.
Leanann praghsanna amhábhar ag ardú, tá an tionscal faoi bhrú mór
Cé go bhfuil an tionscal ceallraí ian litiam cumhachta ag cur lena fhorbairt, tá brú ollmhór air freisin. Tá an t-ardú ar phraghas na n-amhábhar tar éis dúshláin mhóra a thabhairt do shlabhra soláthair na gcomhlachtaí ceallraí ian litiam.
Léirigh Yang Hongxin, cathaoirleach agus POF Honeycomb Energy, ó thús na bliana seo, go bhfuil méadú tagtha ar dhíolacháin feithiclí nua fuinnimh go tapa, ach tá forbairt chomhordaithe an tslabhra soláthair go mór taobh thiar de ráta fáis iomlán an tionscail. Lean praghsanna heicseafluorophosphate litiam, LFP (fosfáit iarainn litiam), grafitization leictreoid diúltach, PVDF (fluairíd polaivinileidín), agus SP (carbón seoltach dubh) ag ardú, agus bhí an soláthar an-daingean. Tá sé ag tuar go leanfaidh an éagothroime soláthair agus éileamh seo ar aghaidh, agus beidh taithí ag ábhair eile freisin ar sholáthar daingean sa todhchaí mar gheall ar thimthriallta leathnú táirgeachta fada, dearbhuithe measúnaithe tionchair timpeallachta maidir le leathnú táirgeadh ceimiceach, agus aschur trealaimh neamhleor.
De réir sonraí, ó thús na bliana seo, tá méadú níos mó ná 200 faoin gcéad ar phraghas ocsaíd cóbalt litiam, ábhar catóide, agus tá méadú níos mó ná 150 faoin gcéad ar phraghas an leictrilít; tá soláthar ábhar anóid agus ábhar eile fós daingean, rud a d'eascair méadú suntasach ar chostas cuimsitheach cadhnraí ian litiam cumhachta. Faoi bhrú leanúnach, tá litreacha um ardú praghais eisithe ag cuideachtaí ceallraí ar nós BYD, Penghui Energy, agus Guoxuan Hi{{3}Tech. Ina measc, choigeartaigh BYD praghas aonaid C08 agus táirgí ceallraí eile, agus ní raibh an méadú aontaithe níos lú ná 20 faoin gcéad. Maidir leis seo, dúirt BYD go bhfuil an coigeartú praghais go príomha mar gheall ar athruithe sa mhargadh agus an méadú ar phraghsanna amhábhar de bharr srianta cumhachta agus táirgeachta. D'admhaigh Guoxuan Hi-Tech freisin sa litir um choigeartú praghais, de réir mar a leanann praghas na n-amhábhar le haghaidh cealla ceallraí ag ardú, go bhfuil an deacracht is mó ag an gcomhlacht ceallraí ian litiam cumhachta faoi láthair ón choróin nua. eipidéim.
In Liu Yanlong's view, the "price surge" caused by the mismatch between supply and demand in the industrial chain is rooted in the "disease" of insufficient attention and layout of resources and materials, and a series of chain reactions have occurred. In the future, the power lithium-ion battery industry should keep in mind the lessons and pay enough attention to the layout of key resources and materials.
Mar sin féin, is fiú a lua, faoi na himthosca go leanann an corrlach brabúis chomhlán de chadhnraí ian litiam ag laghdú mar gheall ar an ardú géar i bpraghsanna amhábhar, go léiríonn cuideachtaí tosaigh fós riosca láidir in aghaidh-. cumais. Le déanaí, tá sé beartaithe ag CATL 13.5 billiún yuan a infheistiú chun bonn nua táirgeachta agus déantúsaíochta ceallraí litiam- a thógáil i gCathair Yichun, Cúige Jiangxi. Creideann daoine ón taobh istigh den tionscal go bhfuiltear ag súil go gcuideoidh an bonn ceallraí le huasghrádú thionscal na gceallraí ian litiam a luathú. I gcás cuideachtaí ceallraí ian litiam cumhachta eile, tá custaiméirí, táirgeadh agus sreabhadh airgid fós ar na pointí tosaigh tábhachtacha dá bhforbairt chobhsaí faoi na hamhábhair skyrocketing. Le déanaí, d'fhógair Honeycomb Energy críochnú an bhabhta maoinithe B móide le iomlán de 6 billiún yuan. Úsáidfear na cistí a ardaíodh ón mbabhta maoinithe seo go príomha le haghaidh taighde agus forbairt teicneolaíochtaí nua, tógáil bonn táirgthe Chéim IV Changzhou, ionad Changzhou RD agus ionad bainistíochta ceanncheathrú Changzhou. Ag an am céanna, dúirt Honeycomb Energy go bhfuil an sprioc pleanála táirgeachta domhanda i 2025 ardaithe go 600GWh.
Éiríonn le bealaí éagsúlaithe
Le linn forbairt feithiclí nua fuinnimh ar an margadh, tá an chuma ar an bhfeiniméan go bhfuil bealaí iomadúla teicniúla san iomaíocht le haghaidh cadhnraí ian litiam cumhachta. Maidir leis seo, dúirt Liu Yanlong, ó thaobh na teicneolaíochta ceallraí, go bhfuil cadhnraí fosfáit iarainn litiam aitheanta ag úsáideoirí de réir a chéile mar gheall ar a buntáistí sa gheilleagar agus sa tsábháilteacht, agus tá méadú tagtha ar éileamh an mhargaidh. Ó Eanáir go Samhain i mbliana, shroich cumas suiteáilte cadhnraí fosfáit iarainn litiam i margadh na Síne 64.8GWh, a bhí níos airde ná sin de chadhnraí ternary (63.3GWh) den chéad uair.
Tá buntáiste costais cadhnraí fosfáit iarainn litiam tar éis aird agus bhfabhar go leor cuideachtaí gluaisteán móra ar fud an domhain a mhealladh freisin, lena n-áirítear Tesla, Volkswagen, Daimler, GM, Ford, Hyundai agus cuideachtaí gluaisteán príomhshrutha idirnáisiúnta eile a bhfuil sé ar intinn acu iarann litiam a thabhairt isteach. fosfáit Tá cadhnraí ian, LG New Energy, SKI agus cuideachtaí ceallraí eile ag luasghéarú freisin ar leagan amach cadhnraí fosfáit iarainn litiam.
Chomh maith leis an mbealach teicniúil bunaidh, a bhuíochas le forbairt ábhar nua agus próisis nua, tá níos mó agus níos mó teicneolaíochtaí nua le haghaidh cadhnraí ian litiam cumhachta tar éis tosú ag teacht chun cinn.
Mar shampla, is é an teicneolaíocht ceallraí sorcóireach mór a dhíríonn Yiwei Litium Energy a leagan amach freisin an treo teicneolaíochta ceallraí ar a bhfuil Tesla, Panasonic agus cuideachtaí eile ag díriú. Tuairiscítear go bhfuil cúlchiste teicniúil iomlán ag Yiwei Litium Energy i réimse na gcadhnraí móra sorcóireacha, agus tá sé beartaithe infheistíocht a dhéanamh i dtógáil líne táirgeachta ceallraí sorcóireach mór 20GWh agus áiseanna cúnta d'fheithiclí paisinéirí.
Ina theannta sin, tá go leor teasa tar éis éirí as cadhnraí anóidí sileacain agus cadhnraí ian sóidiam. Tá dlús fuinnimh córais 205Wh/kg ag an gceallra nua nicil-cóbalt-mangainéise litiam trínártha-atá feistithe le GAC AIONLXPlus. Difriúil ó ghnáth-chadhnraí ian litiam trínártha nicile, cuirtear sliseoga sileacain le leictreoid dhiúltach na ceallraí nua. Déanann an dearadh seo leathnú agus crapadh sileacain le linn an phróisis muirir agus urscaoilte teoranta agus maolánach (gan bhriseadh), agus ag an am céanna ionsúnn sé uisce cosúil le spúinse, rud a ligeann don anóid sileacain leas a bhaint as cumas mór, agus is é a ghné lárnach a laghdú go mór ar chaighdeán na ceallraí agus toirt.
Ó thaobh forbairt na teicneolaíochta anóid sileacain, tá an fócas ar fheabhas a chur ar dhlús fuinnimh cadhnraí ian litiam cumhachta ón leictreoid dhearfach go dtí an leictreoid diúltach agus comhpháirteanna eile. I gcomhthéacs an tionscail seo, tá aird níos mó faighte freisin ag cadhnraí tánaisteacha miotail litiam a úsáideann litiam miotalach mar ábhair anóid.
Le déanaí, d'fhógair an soláthraí ceallraí miotail litiam hibrideach SES ceallraí miotail litiam Apollo le cumas suas le 107Ah.
In recent years, the independent research and development of power lithium-ion battery systems by vehicle companies has become a new trend. From BYD's "Blade", GAC Aeon's "Magazine", to Great Wall's "Dayu", to the "Amber" and "Mica" self-developed by Lantu Auto, the battery systems independently developed by car companies have their own characteristics. , In addition to high safety, the selling points such as improving driving ability and energy-saving management are also attractive.
Industry insiders pointed out that as the market's driving force for the new energy vehicle industry continues to increase, the demand for power lithium-ion batteries for vehicles has also begun to differentiate, which also promotes power lithium-ion battery companies to conduct diversified explorations of technical routes. In the future, under the market-oriented use, there will be multiple tracks on the battery technology route, advancing in parallel.
